Women in Ancient Civilizations - 1340 Words

The role of women in different civilizations, even though on different spectrums of the world, had many similarities and only a few differences. Women in these four civilizations: Greece, Egypt, China, and India faced many of the same hardships, struggles, and prejudices. Some of this treatment of women didnt even end until present day (1920s). In some of these civilizations women were able to rise up somewhat in their communities but it didnt come without some kind of interference. When it came to the rights of these women, they really didnt have any at all. In Greece women were considered to be second class citizens at best. All women were forbidden to own property, inherit their own name, vote, or attend political debate. Men†¦show more content†¦Now it is around the age of eighteen for both. The woman and the womans family must still present dowry to the husband and his family. There were also limited rights in the family back then as there is now. Women in India can go through being burned and abused by their husbands with nothing being done at all (www.geocities.com/hinduism/hindu_women.html). These women, even though they were very restricted, they were responsible for items when it came to home and family. Out of all of theShow MoreRelatedThe Changing Role of Women in Ancient Civilizations Essay2422 Words   |  10 Pageswith laws framed by men and with a judicial system that judges feminine conduct from a masculine point of view.†(Notable Quotes) Ibsen’s statement exemplifies what life was like for women during ancient times. In many of the organized ancient civilizations, it was very common to find a primarily patriarchal civilization in government as well as in society. The causing factors can be attributed to different reasons, the main being the Neolithic Revolution and the new found dependence on manpower itRead MoreEssay on Forgotten Half of History: Women in Ancient Civilization1569 Words   |  7 Pages Women in Ancient civilizations could be seen as a backbone for women today. Women are often seen as inferior to men and their vital role in the unfolding of ancient civilizations. There have been many vital roles that women have played throughout history. Women in all Ancient civilizations faced many of the same hardships, prejudices, and struggles. Two specific ancient civilizations, which had similar aspects, were Ancient Egypt and Ancient Rome. In these two ancient civilization, women playedRead MoreTraditional Garments of Ancient Civilizations Still Worn by Women Today1865 Words   |  8 Pagesother variations, such as linen and silk and recently, polyester, have also been used to create the fabric needed for this popular dress among the Indians (Kamat, 2012). The sari is reported to be 5,000 years old, originating from the Indus Valley civilization, dated between 2800-1800 B. C. It is said to have evolved from the word Sattika or Sadi (Prakrit), which simply means, strip of cloth. Further, tracing the history of the sari, it was construed that the sari actually originated from the maleRead MoreThe Difference Between Men And Women1229 Words   |  5 Pagesmen and women have been a major conflict throughout time. The idea of who is more superior in a civilization has always typically fallen more towards man than women. Even though the idea of men and women having different society roles in history it is important to have in a society. Through out history in ancient Mesopotamia, ancient Judaism, and ancient Greek genders are important to each civilization; however, women are made to serve men, disobey man, and also have an important role. Women throughRead MoreAncient China Versus Ancient Greece Essay1008 Words   |  5 PagesAncient China Versus Ancient Greece Ancient China and Ancient Greece were two vastly different civilizations with different cultures; they shared a multitude of similar political, economic, and philosophical achievements while also inholding multiple differences. The centralized government of China differed from the independent city-states of Athens. A similarity that both civilizations held in regards to politics would be the role, or lack thereof one, that women played within their respectiveRead MoreThe Main Contributions from Greek Society Essay572 Words   |  3 PagesThe Greek civilization was the first European civilization. At this point in time religion is not prevalent or influential. The European religion was borrowed from the Middle East. There are two main contributions from the Greek civilization. They were politics and secular. Polis the Greek word for city state is where politics came from. They had modern politics with the first democracy. It was divided into city-states that rule themselves in a dem ocratic fashion. With this they have the majorityRead MoreAncient Greece : A True Civilization1507 Words   |  7 PagesGreece A True Civilization Joshua Soifer and Remy Dunn Eurasian History Mr. Yamada October 6 2017 As the politician and bishop Stephen Gardiner once claimed, â€Å"The center of Western culture is Greece, and we have never lost our ties with the architectural concepts of that ancient civilization†. In many ways, through their academic pursuits, philosophical ideologies, or advanced trade systems, Ancient Greek culture has proven to be the foundation for Western culture. Ancient Greece wasRead MoreComparing The Egyptians And The Mesopotamians Essay1449 Words   |  6 PagesMesopotamians were neolithic civilizations. They both grew crops and they both relied on agriculture and had many rulers as time went on. We start at Egypt In 3100 B.C and Mesopotamians at 5000 B.C (1). The Nile river was a key place for the start of the Ancient Egyptian empire. Egyptians themselves were located near lower Egypt closeby the Nile Delta. They then slowly moved up around upper egypt. With clear fertile and rich soil, agriculture was most efficient and made the Ancient Egyptians very rich.Read MoreAncient Egypt And Ancient Egyptian Civilization1495 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Egypt treated its women better than any of the other major civilizations of the ancient world† (Thompson). Over 6,000 years ago, the powerful civilization of Ancient Egypt began, lasting for almost 30 centuries. Ancient Egyptians treated their cats like royalty, used spells and animal flesh to heal almost anything (Napoli Balit). Most Importantly, the people of Ancient Egypt valued their polytheistic religion above everything, they worked hard in order to get into the paradise of the afterlifeRead MoreWomen s Roles During Ancient Egypt1665 Word s   |  7 PagesArchaeology April 24, 2015 Women s Roles in Ancient Egypt Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeastern Africa and it was one of the six civilizations globally to arise independently. Egyptian civilization began around 3150 BC and only ended nearly 30 centuries later due to the conquest of Alexander the Great in 332 B.C. Noted for their great pyramids of the Old Kingdom, historians often question the gender roles in society. The main sources of information about ancient Egypt is evident through

narrative perspective on a very short story by ernst...

A Very Short Story; Analyzed through a Narrative Perspective Often times, in the heat of the moment, we are blinded by what is real and what is just an illusion. At the same time this could be as a result of one’s maturity vs. immaturity. This story by Ernst Hemingway portrays what seemed to be real love by the American solider and the European nurse however, turned out to be lust because of a lack of maturity, hegemony and quench for power. This short story will be analyzed through a narrative perspective where the setting and characters are analyzed to demonstrate the themes of real vs. illusion, maturity vs. immaturity, hegemony and quench for power. The setting plays a key role in this story. The American solider is positioned in†¦show more content†¦What could have been real love was blinded by a lust by Luz for wealth, power and stature as the major did not end up marrying her and the American man ended up with gonorrhea. Their new found loves were actually illusions. The major demonstrates male hegemony as he symbolizes male stature, power, leadership and dominance. Unlike the American, he has rank and fulfills the stereotypical view of a â€Å"man†. From a male perspective, this story shows the nurse cares for power and prefers the major over the solider. Male and female roles are both stereotyped in this short story. Their morals and values, interests and how they behave force them to act the way that they do. Overall, Hemingway shows elements of immaturity, illusions and stereotypes throughout the story. It is called â€Å"A Very Short Story† because their love ended extremely abruptly. The structure aids in presenting a fluid story from falling in love, to complications, to breaking up. The final message, demonstrated through the various elements, is to illustrate the complications with young and immature love combined with male hegemony and stereotypes. Upon using the narrative analysis, the themes could be better understood. Promises and trust should be kept and it is maturity alongside the right values that will keep this intact. Because Hemingway depicts America to be foolish, he sees no hope in Americans to necessarily keep aShow MoreRelatedHow to Write a Research Paper11497 Words   |  46 Pagesmany problems. Narrow: The primary problem of the American steel industry is the lack of funds to renovate outdated plants and equipment. A thesis statement is specific rather than vague or general. Vague: Hemingway s war stories are very good. Specific: Hemingway s stories helped create a new prose style by employing extensive dialogue, shorter sentences, and strong language. A thesis statement has one main point rather than several main points. More than one point may be too difficult

Abuse of Drugs International Concern

Question: Discuss about the Abuse of Drugsfor International Concern. Answer: The topic on the use of the illicit and recreational substances in both Australia and internationally that may cause major health issues has been chosen. Illicit and recreational drugs are the key international concern. This can affect the health and the society in addition to the economy of various nations. Historical factors From historical perception, in the society, people were entrenched to the use of illicit drugs. This happens since long time before administration was able to control the usage. Harmful effects of the illicit drugs were seen since long time (Germov, 2014). From the time of colonization of Europe, dispossession history and socioeconomically exclusion guided the socioeconomic deprivation,. This is connected with the illicit and recreational substances. From the hypothesis of 1973, I became able to form my views. Firstly, I need to find the reason of using the illicit drugs by people and the effects on them. I need to consider the three determinants such as users attitude during usage, type of drug and impact of social and physical settings. Another depicts is the rituals and sanction improvement brings the illicit drug usage under control (Weinberg, 2012). To control the drug abuse, reformation of the social settings play important role. Cultural factors For this purpose, I had to work with the aboriginal people in Australia. I found that the tradition and ceremonies has a great impact on the abuse of drugs. From historical sources, it is seen the aboriginal people are ignored and deprived of education and employment as well as income. These factors influenced them to achieve unsocial behavior and misuse of drugs. Straussner (2012) mentioned that misuse of illicit drugs influence the poor family culture. Illicit drugs affect the personal and professional life that is poor performance level and personal relationships. As a result, they may suffer from mental and physical issues that may increase anxiety. This can make them depressed. Structural factors One of the key factors is the social factors that influence the misusage of drugs. It is seen that mainly the people of lower socioeconomic class and adolescents misuses the illicit and recreational drugs. However, drugs can reduce the stress temporarily. In such case, education plays major role to reduce the misuse of drugs. Misuse of drugs can hamper the lifestyle, awareness, employment opportunities and income of people (Glass, 2016). During working, I found that aboriginal people are at high risk as their education level is low. Social setting has great impact on them therefore; they are forced to leave schools at young age. To reduce the drug abuse, the rehabilitation centers can play significant role. The national legislative structure helped me to shape the knowledge of controlling drug abuse. Critical factors As a health care professional, it is my duty to promote the information about the negative effects of drug misuse. It is my duty to influence those people, who are already addicted to drug misuse and try to take them back in normal lifestyle. I need to build a strong relationship with them. Volkow, Baler and Goldstein (2011) mentioned that the health care professionals need to follow the government legislatives and to reduce the misuse of drugs. Therefore, I tried to apply a key strategy to reduce gaps of health care system and wellbeing of society including the backward people. It is necessary to make the criminal justice system strong globally. Historical factors From the criminalization and regulation, it is seen that most of the time the innocent residents get affected by the drug misuse. Criminal justice structure traps the people for the minor offence. Some of illegal drug suppliers that organize a crime circle threaten public health safety. As a result, sometimes the general people became victim of drug abuse and get punishment. Diversion and beneficial jurisprudence can include some drug initiatives in the criminal justice structure of Australia (Darcq et al., 2016). A balance between the various approaches is needed to maintain. The two approaches are the beneficial jurisprudence approach, correctional centers and drug court. These factors can vary as per the criminal justice continuum along the location. Sometimes, criminal justice structure includes the drug rehabilitation as a part to provide people chances to modify themselves. However, the drunken people needs modification too as for their rush driving many people lost their lives . They need to attend the Alcoholic Anonymous conference. This is a great opportunity for the persons who misuse drugs. The rehabilitate legal retort gives opportunities for addressing alternative way in using drugs misuse possession. According to the Marchman Act, people can get court order to attend the rehabilitation centers via the legislation of state (Preller et al., 2014). In such cases, I need to mention that the legislations and therapeutic justice can offer various opportunities to people to rectify themselves to lead a better lifestyle. Therefore, they need to modify their behaviors and avoid stigmatization. Cultural factors All over the world, various cultural practices accepts the drug misuse. In these cultures, the misuse of drugs is accepted as the tradition in the religion rites. The path and place of consumption get regulation via the self-control, consumption level and sociability. In some cases, the rate of alcohol consumption is higher wine and other beverages are considered as the source of amusement and aesthetic approval in some cultures. In a village of France, it is seen that people takes alcohol on daily basis and they pass the practice in their children too. The than other drug abuses. During the work, I found that in the history, alcohol like children are exposed to alcohol from the age of 2 or 4. However, it is necessary to modify the alcohol consumption of people as it may bring various health issues. Some of the cultures are trying to teach their community to modify their habit of drinking. Livingston et al. (2012) mentioned that the Italian and Jews practice moderate drinking and do not allow the aggressive drinking. Government can imply different legislation to reduce the harm, which develops from the alcohol consumption and misuse of drugs (Society Made Me Do It (Symbolic Interactionism) at Becca Latimer's Blog. 2013). In some cases, occasional drinking can be accepted but regular alcohol consumption is not allowed. Positive culture refers to the drinking control and suggests policies to educate the young people so that they can lead a healthy lifestyle by being a moderate and social drinker. Globally the consumption of the alcohol is popular and there are various cases that show that people are affected very much by the alcohol and drug. The brain and nervous system are very much affected by the drugs and alcohol (Quednow, 2017). Therefore, the society needs to be conscious about the misuse of drugs and alcohol and moderate their habits. Structural factors During focusing on the sociological standpoints, the correct structural factor is the symbolic interaction. This focuses on the abuse of drugs to explain the behavior by providing the motivating messages to the people, who misuses drugs and alcohol. It is necessary to know their views and learning in reality. For example, when a society marks someone as a drug abuser, he continued to misuse the drugs and became addicted to it. It is the duty of symbolic interaction perspective to investigate the reason of the attachment of people with drugs and change in their behavior. Cultural and social group can address the misuse of drugs as their religion part but they do not understand that it harms people. Usage of drugs is good for health at a particular range. When the range goes above the range it becomes harmful people. The social factors influence the behavior of people and leads to the stigma. As a result, various symptoms like anxiety depression are noticed. Government is trying to str engthen the criminal justice structure to reduce the issues of drug and alcohol misuse. In case of using drugs for the medical purpose government modified the rules to reduce the drug abuse. The health and social system is trying to support the care homes for counseling, behavior modification, personal assistance, client centered approaches. I found that harm minimization includes strong communication, positive relationship, empathy, education, support and support to prevent the stigmatization in criminal justice rules and legislation. Critical factors Big pharma plays significant role to raise the concern over the profit above the health care in Australia. MacRae and Hoareau (2016) mentioned that it is to make profit by telling the healthy people that they are sick. In such conditions, the pharmaceutical companies play vital role to define and sponsor the diseases to promote the consumers and prescribers. Pharmaceutical manufacture alliance, doctors, health care workers and service users use the media to frame the situation as the widespread and severe diseases. Such type of health care activities can enhance the cost of health care and increase the stigma for the health care services. The corporate funds can be replaced by the alternatives that are funded about the disease with the independent information. The help of the health belief model and its implementation in the health care practice system may reduce social fear and the stigma. In such cases, the health promotion practices plays significant role. The misuse of drugs is a cause of important health issue and the community apprehension that can affect young generation and hinder the career graph and growth. In Australia, the government and the community associations has esteemed the issues of the misusing the drug. The misuse of drugs became a global social and health issue. This generates an annual illegal marketplace with $6.7 billion. By filling the template, I gained in-depth knowledge of the topic the use of the illicit and recreational substances in both Australia and internationally that may cause major health issues. I came to know that how to work collaboratively during the locating, analyzing, synthesizing, organizing and evaluating various information. I learnt that I need to apply ethical perspectives in decision-making during working with the aboriginal people. I am able to recognize the social and cultural responsibilities of mine during the discussion of drug abuse and social stigma in a society. I need to recogni ze the social responsibilities and this topic also enhanced my critical thinking. I tried to use the authentic information and tired to apply authentic models to discuss the topic. I collected the data from the regional and international perspective to discuss the topic and make awareness in people to reduce the misuse of illicit and recreational substances. References: Darcq, E., Chu-Sin-Chung, P., Kieffer, B. L., Lutz, P. E. (2016). Targeting Opioid Receptors for Innovative Antidepressant Therapies: Rediscovering the Opioid Cure. InMelatonin, Neuroprotective Agents and Antidepressant Therapy(pp. 631-653). Springer India. Germov, J. (2014). Newcastle's Second opinion: an introduction to health sociology| NOVA. The University of Digital Repository. Glass, I. B. (Ed.). (2016).The international handbook of addiction behaviour. Routledge. Livingston, J. D., Milne, T., Fang, M. L., Amari, E. (2012). The effectiveness of interventions for reducing stigma related to substance use disorders: a systematic review.Addiction,107(1), 39-50. MacRae A, Hoareau J (2016) Review of illicit drug use among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet. Retrieved [28 March 2017], from https://www.aodknowledgecentre.net.au/aodkc/illicit-drug-use/reviews/illicit-drug-use-review Morgenstern, J., Naqvi, N. H., Debellis, R., Breiter, H. C. (2013). The contributions of cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging to understanding mechanisms of behavior change in addiction.Psychology of Addictive Behaviors,27(2), 336. Preller, K. H., Herdener, M., Schilbach, L., Stmpfli, P., Hulka, L. M., Vonmoos, M., ... Quednow, B. B. (2014). Functional changes of the reward system underlie blunted response to social gaze in cocaine users.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,111(7), 2842-2847. Preller, K. H., Hulka, L. M., Vonmoos, M., Jenni, D., Baumgartner, M. R., Seifritz, E., ... Quednow, B. B. (2014). Impaired emotional empathy and related social network deficits in cocaine users.Addiction Biology,19(3), 452-466. Quednow, B. B. (2017). Social cognition and interaction in stimulant use disorders.Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences,13, 55-62. Society Made Me Do It (Symbolic Interactionism) at Becca Latimer's Blog. (2013). Blogs.longwood.edu. Retrieved 28 March 2017, from https://blogs.longwood.edu/creatablog/2013/12/28/society-made-me-do-it-symbolic-interactionism/ Straussner, S. L. A. (Ed.). (2012).Ethnocultural factors in substance abuse treatment. Guilford Press. Volkow, N. D., Baler, R. D., Goldstein, R. Z. (2011). Addiction: pulling at the neural threads of social behaviors.Neuron,69(4), 599-602. Weinberg, T. S. (2012). The sociology of addiction. The Encyclopedia of Social Sciences and Humanities.

The Definition of Success free essay sample

The American Dream is a large house, a speedy car, and financial freedom. For some, it includes a boat, a REV, and a cottage by the lake. However, another definition of success doesnt list any of these. Success does not have anything to do with material goods but is rather tied to broader concepts. One measure of success is how happy a person is. For some people, they might feel their happiest when they have luxurious items. However, this is not universally true and is consequently not a true measure of success.Happiness for most people is a pappy and loving family. If this is someones definition of success, then their family is what defines their success. For some, this success might mean trying new things and a lifestyle that supports it. Success Is tied in with happiness because they are both highly subjective. Health can also be considered a defining factor In success. We will write a custom essay sample on The Definition of Success or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page People feel unsuccessful if they, or someone they love, are not healthy. For Instance, can father feel successful if his child is ill? This is why doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and hospitals are so important.Not only do they allow people to live longer, but they also allow people to feel successful In their life. Finally, success can mean overcoming hardships. No one Likes hard and rough times with tears and pain. Someone who has come through the pain often feels Like he or she has accomplished something. An Individual that has overcome an obstacle achieves a measure of success. As David Brinkley has stated, a man can be proud If he has laid a firm foundation with the bricks others have thrown at him. The most valuable lessons can come from failures. Like Dale Carnegie said, Discouragement and failure are two of the surest stepping stones to success. And who could understand the meaning of success If they did not experience disappointment? Light would not exist without darkness and success would not be truly achieved without failure. But we all hope that this failure Is only temporary. People want to achieve success and make plans to reach It. However, with a narrow Interpretation of success, many people have no chance of finding It.They will continue to find themselves going the wrong way, mammals out on opportunities, and pappy moments along the way. The Definition of Success By instructor a lifestyle that supports it. Success is tied in with happiness because they are both Health can also be considered a defining factor in success. People feel unsuccessful if they, or someone they love, are not healthy. For instance, can father feel successful feel successful in their life. Finally, success can mean overcoming hardships. No one likes hard and rough times with tears and pain.Someone who has come through the pain often feels like he or he has accomplished something. An individual that has overcome an obstacle achieves a measure of success. As David Brinkley has stated, a man can be proud if understand the meaning of success if they did not experience disappointment? Light failure. But we all hope that this failure is only temporary.

Rocking Horse Winner Essay Example

Rocking Horse Winner Essay Example Rocking Horse Winner Essay Rocking Horse Winner Essay â€Å"For the love of money is the root of all evil. † in the short story, The Rocking Horse Winner by D. H Lawrence. The story is centered on Paul, a persistent young boy, who remains selfless in his quest to make his mother, Hester, a happy wealthy woman. Paul shows loyalty throughout the story, never giving up on bringing luck into his mother’s life. The happiness of his mother, motivates Paul to continue gambling on horse races. His naive belief that money would cure his mother’s depression over being well-off, ultimately leads to Paul’s early unfortunate death. Paul’s persistency began when he discovered that his mother believe that they were born with no luck. â€Å"If you’re lucky, you have money†, Hester explains to Paul. His mission was to change his mother’s mind and show her that the family indeed was lucky. Paul solicited the help of the family’s gardener, Basset, and pleads with him to bet on a horse on his behalf. After sensing unsatisfactory with the money sent to her anonymously, Paul felt he hadn’t done enough to make his mother feel lucky. The young boy road the horse day and night, not sleeping or eating, seeking the name of the winner. When you have a goal, persistency helps you achieve that goal. Paul loves his mother, therefore, the love he has for Hester motivated him to do whatever it took to make her happy. When Hester revealed that she felt unlucky, it sadden him. It’s troubling to hear of a love one hurting, struggling, and unhappy with the life they’ve been given. Paul’s loyalty to his mother was obsessive and detrimental to his health. Doing things for the ones you love should always have boundaries and not cause harm in the process of trying to help. Dedicated and loyal Paul, crawled from his sick bed and onto the rocking horse, to achieve his final win in the name of making Hester lucky. In life you come across people that are hard to satisfy and please. Hester was happy momentary with the winnings and spent the money lavishly. She had begun to earn extra money sketching figures of women in the latest fashions. Paul seemly had reached his goal of making her happy. However, Hester did not make much money and the money from the horse races dwindled. To Paul’s dismay, Hester remained unhappy. He whole heartedly believed the five pound would cure his mother’s depression. Paul’s naive thinking was one of a child, in which he was. Money does not always solve every problem and that’s a lesson Paul died learning. Throughout the house there’s a whisper, â€Å"There must be more money. † haunting the family. Hester and her husband married for love, not financial gain. The love in Hester’s marriage soon runs dry and she began to resent the path she has chosen in life. The whispers in the short story symbolizes the family desire for money. Always wondering where their next source of income would come from, the haunted house added more pressure to have money to the family. â€Å"There must be more money†, resounding through the house, is a constant reminder of their financial troubles. Everyone hears the whispers, but no one acknowledges it aloud. The whispers could have been used as a source of motivation to have better careers, and work harder to reach the financial status desired. Instead of using the taunting words in a positive light, the family, mainly Hester, fell into a depression. Paul’s rocking horse was given to him on Christmas morning. The rocking horse was a great gift for Paul because he had a love for horses. He also enjoyed the horse races and always stayed up to date with what was going on in the race world. Riding the rocking horse led to Paul gambling. He felt his uncle had past luck to him and would now be successful in winning. The rocking horse gave Paul the power to know which horse would win the race, therefore, allowing him to place a bet on the correct horse and win. The rocking horse is the devil in the form of a toy. Enabling obsession, with winning and money, Paul fell to the powers of the horse. On his last lap, young Paul saw who the winner of the derby would be. He had no concern with his health, his only desire was be sure of the winner. Poisoned with the thought that money was the answer to being lucky, Paul died on the back of his favorite toy, the rocking horse. The desire to be well-off came with a price and Paul paid it, to ensure his mother’s luck and happiness.

The Monarchs Royal Assent

The Monarchs Royal Assent In Canada, royal assent is the symbolic final stage of the legislative process by which a bill becomes law.   History of Royal Assent The  Constitution Act of 1867 established that the approval of the Crown, signified by royal assent, is required for any bill to become law after passage by both the Senate and the House of Commons, which are the two chambers of Parliament. Royal assent is the final stage of the legislative process, and it is this assent that transforms a bill passed by both Houses of Parliament into law. Once royal assent has been given to a bill, it becomes an Act of Parliament and part of the law of Canada. In addition to being a required part of the legislative process, royal assent has strong symbolic significance in Canada. This is because royal assent signifies the coming together of the three constitutional elements of Parliament: the House of Commons, the Senate and the Crown.   The Royal Assent Process Royal assent may be given through a written procedure or through a  traditional ceremony, in which Members of the House of Commons join their colleagues in the Senate chamber. In the traditional royal assent ceremony, a representative of the   Crown, either the  governor-general of Canada  or a  Supreme Court justice, enters the Senate chamber, where the senators are in their seats. The  Usher of the Black Rod  summons members of the House of Commons to the Senate chamber, and members of both houses of Parliament witness that Canadians wish the bill to become law. This traditional ceremony must be used at least two times per year. The representative of the sovereign consents to the enactment of a bill  by nodding his or her head. Once this royal assent is officially given, the bill has the force of law, unless it contains another date on which it will go into effect. The bill itself is sent to Government House to be signed. Once signed, the original bill is returned to the Senate, where it is put into the archives.

International Intercultural Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

International Intercultural Management - Essay Example The world intercultural dinner is an annual framework that is meant to diversify the different aspects and cultures of different countries in the entire world, for instance, the traditions, life-styles and circumstances, social distinctions, political loyalties and the understanding of languages. The main goal of this essay is to vividly describe the international, intercultural management of some of the chosen countries within the world. The key chosen countries for this essay will be China and France. The objectivity of the intercultural dinner is to bring leaders together and instill peace in a multicultural setting to bring about a sense of belonging and oneness. This is a good platform for leaders to share their visions and to learn from others who have different perspectives, thereby facilitating the understanding of the different cultures from different countries within the world. In addition, it promotes social cohesion through the embracement of the intercultural dialogue and the understanding of the social diversity (Jacob 2003, p. 30). Therefore, the main objective of the annual intercultural dinner was to bring about a peaceful cohesion through a respectful exchange of views and ideas from different individuals from different cultures, leading to a deeper understanding of the different perspectives embraced by different communities from the entire world. Therefore, intercultural management is defined as the most effective functionality of a diverse group of people becau se of either ethnicity of or nationality. Experts on the intercultural management recommend the use of communication systems and methods, use of organizational cultures that enhances learning as well as the use of human resource management system in order to broaden the diversified field of culture (Jacob 2003, p. 35). France and China have since 1964 developed such a strong political relation, dating back from the period when France developed an official diplomatic

Indonesia Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Indonesia - Term Paper Example In addition, the Gross National savings of Indonesia as estimated in the year 2014 stands at 30.2% of GDP. Relevant to consumption of GDP, household and government consumption stands at 56.2 % and 9 % respectively. Investment in fixed capital and exports of goods and services take 33.6% and 23.5 % of GDP respectively. Moreover, the agricultural, industrial and service sectors claim 14.2 %, 45.5% and 40.3% of the GDP (Central Intelligence Agency, 2015). The labor force of Indonesia stands at 124.3 million according to the recent records. The industrial production growth rate is 4.9 %. The population below poverty line stands at 11.7 %. The unemployment rate is at 5.7 % according to the latest statistics and the Gini index stands at 36.8 as recorded in 2009. According to the budget of Indonesia, the revenues and expenditures stand at $134.7 billion and $155.2 billion respectively (Central Intelligence Agency, 2015). Taxes and other revenues account for 15.7% and the public debt stands at 23.9% of the GDP. The inflation rate was estimated at 6.3% in the year 2014. The prime lending rate of the commercial bank was estimated at 12.4 % in December 2014. According to the recent records, the imports and exports of Indonesia stand at $166.7 billion and $ 179.4 billion respectively. The major indicators of social infrastructure in Indonesia may comprise of the life expectancy, infant mortality as well as literacy levels among others. In Indonesia, the population growth rate is estimated at 0.95 % according to the 2014 statistics. The birth rate was estimated at 17.04 births per 1000 population in 2014. Death rate was estimated at 6.34 deaths per 1000 population. The infant mortality rate stands at 25.16 deaths per 1000 and the maternal mortality rate was estimated at 220 deaths per 1000 live births. The life expectancy stands at 72.17 years for all populations. From the latest commercial guide of Indonesia, there are

Flags of Our Fathers Essay Example for Free

Flags of Our Fathers Essay Context: Flags of our Fathers was a bit of change for Eastwood. The movie is about the famous photograph of the raising of the flag on Iwo Jima by soldiers. Eastwood wanted to show war at its most brutal and that is what he created. Audience: People who like war or action movies and who are interested in war. Mostly for young adults and above. Purpose: The purpose of this film is to entertain the audience. Brief synopsis of text: Flags of our Fathers is about 3 soldiers who raised the U. S. flag on Iwo Jima along with 3 other soldiers who recently died in battle. So the 3 soldiers were taken out of battle and sent back to the U.S. and were classed as heroes because of the most famous image of the raising of the U.S. flag in Iwo Jima and the government made them as heroes to the public to promote selling war bonds. But the 3 soldiers didnt believe they were heroes at all. Ideas relevant to Journeys: In Flags of our Fathers, the 3 men who were taken out of battle and were known as heroes by the public and the government used them to promote war bonds did not regard themselves as heroes. They didnt believe to be heroes but the public did. This shows from the publics imaginative journeys is that they are thinking of how these men, who are known as heroes to survive such a brutal battle and to be in the most famous photograph in U.S. history. The photograph that they show isnt them in the image, they were the soldiers who placed the replacement flag on top of the mountain. But no one knows that. In the first scene or at the beginning of the film, we see a soldier running through a battlefield that has been torn to pieces and keeps hearing a voice. He looks around everywhere to see where this voice is coming from. Then the camera zooms in on the soldiers face and suddenly it was just a dream. The effect of the close-up shot of his face creates a feeling of being involved and the man was afraid of something. We are then taken to a scene where a old age person has woken up to his dream and is sweating and shaking just like if you had a nightmare. This is related to imaginative journeys because the man is having a dream of the past where he was at war. He is remembering and reflecting on the time he was at war and gets woken up by it. In his dream he was afraid, when he woke up from his dream he was sweating and shaking. A dream is a journey through the mind. The lighting of this scene creates a wiry and dark feeling to the viewers who see a lone soldier looking through a torned battlefield hearing a voice in the distance. This is creating suspense through the use of colours and shadows and gets the viewer imagining what is going to happen next. Suddenly we hear a loud sound which was probably a gun been fired and then we are taken to a scene where an old man is woken up. We now notice it was a dream. The man still thinks about upon this day. So the viewers are now imagining what had happened on that day. Was the man wounded or did a person who we couldnt see got shot. We never know until we see what happens in the film. This creates suspense in the audience. Techniques used to present relevant ideas: 1. Use of suspense to keep the audience entertain throughout the film. From the first scene the viewers had no idea it was a dream until they see the old man waking up from that particular dream, sweating and shaking. The scene creates suspense to get the viewers thinking and imagining what is going to happen next which is based on imaginative journeys because the audience is thinking beyond what has happened to the man at that particular time of that dream we saw. 2. The use of lighting in the first scene was very dull and dark. It created a wiry looking scene of a torn battlefield with a lone soldier walking around. We hear voices in the distance which creates more suspense. Dark lighting from this scene can represent an old memory which should have been forgotten at the time the man had the dream. 3. Use of dramatic irony is also used in this film which is something that the audience knows but the characters dont know of. But in this film, its the other way round, the lone soldier in the beginning scene knows what is happening and is afraid but the audience doesnt know whats happening. All we know of is that it was a dream from his past memories. As I said, it creates suspense to keep the audience entertain throughout the film and this is based on imaginative journeys because we have witnessed a scene where is was a dream and a journey through the mind of past memories. Links to set text in terms of ideas and techniques: Flags of our Fathers can be linked with Othello by the use of some of the techniques used in the film such as dramatic irony. In Othello we know that Iago has planned to get Othello thinking that Desdemona is having an affair with Cassio. The audience knows already what is happening but Othello doesnt know that Iago is planning something. From the film, it is the other way round where the lone soldier in the scene knows what is having but the audience is kept in suspense and have to find out later what happens to him from that particular scene which was a journey through the mind or a dream. In Othello the audience is kept in suspense when Iago keeps his plan going well by telling Othello that Desdemona is with Cassio. The audience doesnt know what is going to happen next same as in the scene of the dream in Flags of our Fathers. In the film the audience is kept in suspense from the very first scene where the lone soldier is walking through a torned battlefield and we see he is afraid. Then we are taken to a scene where an old man has woken from this dream. We are then kept in suspense by this scene because the audience wants to know what happens next and they stay and watch the film to see what has happened after he had woken up from his memory of the war. Both Othello and Flags of our Fathers display both suspense and irony to keep their audience entertained and kept in suspense through the use of lighting, irony and imaginative journeys. The audience imagine in their minds what is going to happen next. In mostly all plays and films, everyone in the audience wants to know what will happen next and will stay to watch to see what happens. If there was no suspense or irony, it would be pointless to stay and watch because the audience would know what has happened. Without imagining, we dont know anything. So both of these texts display imaginative journeys.

Essay --

Conflicts in IT Industry due to ethical issues There is a thin line between right and wrong in the way technology is used today. There are many ethical issues arising by using technology in the business of IT. These issues can be classified as personal issues and organizational level issues. Privacy, private information security, web tracking etc are some of the personal issues and protecting intellectual property like software rights is organisational level issue. These issues tend to create conflicts in the IT industry which are intern responsible for down fall of an IT Organization. The different ways to minimise these issues are to be reviewed and have to utilize them optimally. Introduction: New trends in IT are extremely advancing and intellectually stimulating, on other hand privacy issues like private data protection, web tracking, violating software authenticity etc are ethical issues which are invading privacy of an individual and also of an organisation which in turn responsible for poor performance. Ethics in Information technology is part of many issues which result in conflicts. First these issues should be addressed by gaining attention of the superior and decision making people in the organisation by explaining the challenges these issues pose and understand potential threats, discover issues associated with use of IT and plan, design, evaluate and implement the anticipation of ethical issues with organisation’s values. In big multinationals and large organisations there are senior managers with committed terms to make sure the ethical standards are clearly defined and are in practice. These terms are directed by business and ethical attributes fixed by the organisation; these are incorporated by organisation’s ... ...hical issues. Responsibilities of a manager are to act as a role model in the ethical behaviour, reassure their employees to talk about their concerns and issues. Encourage and promote to follow the code of ethics, support to take part in ethical awareness programmes, listen and react equally to all the individuals’ concerns and provide additional aid if required to address the issues. The top leaders must take necessary steps to advise full, accurate, and timely ethical compliance, they should never overlook any unethical behaviour even if it is a suspected one, should not mislead by misrepresenting facts in any manner. Top management must report any violations in intellectual properties usage, software agreements, client confidentiality etc. They should also ensure that there are fair numbers of procedures to raise a concern or question ethical issues by employees. Essay -- Conflicts in IT Industry due to ethical issues There is a thin line between right and wrong in the way technology is used today. There are many ethical issues arising by using technology in the business of IT. These issues can be classified as personal issues and organizational level issues. Privacy, private information security, web tracking etc are some of the personal issues and protecting intellectual property like software rights is organisational level issue. These issues tend to create conflicts in the IT industry which are intern responsible for down fall of an IT Organization. The different ways to minimise these issues are to be reviewed and have to utilize them optimally. Introduction: New trends in IT are extremely advancing and intellectually stimulating, on other hand privacy issues like private data protection, web tracking, violating software authenticity etc are ethical issues which are invading privacy of an individual and also of an organisation which in turn responsible for poor performance. Ethics in Information technology is part of many issues which result in conflicts. First these issues should be addressed by gaining attention of the superior and decision making people in the organisation by explaining the challenges these issues pose and understand potential threats, discover issues associated with use of IT and plan, design, evaluate and implement the anticipation of ethical issues with organisation’s values. In big multinationals and large organisations there are senior managers with committed terms to make sure the ethical standards are clearly defined and are in practice. These terms are directed by business and ethical attributes fixed by the organisation; these are incorporated by organisation’s ... ...hical issues. Responsibilities of a manager are to act as a role model in the ethical behaviour, reassure their employees to talk about their concerns and issues. Encourage and promote to follow the code of ethics, support to take part in ethical awareness programmes, listen and react equally to all the individuals’ concerns and provide additional aid if required to address the issues. The top leaders must take necessary steps to advise full, accurate, and timely ethical compliance, they should never overlook any unethical behaviour even if it is a suspected one, should not mislead by misrepresenting facts in any manner. Top management must report any violations in intellectual properties usage, software agreements, client confidentiality etc. They should also ensure that there are fair numbers of procedures to raise a concern or question ethical issues by employees.

How Can We Explain the Difference in Achievement with Boys and Girls?

How can we explain the differences in achievement between boys and girls? Statistics show that it is clear that girls achieve more A* to C grades at GCSE then boys. This obviously shows that girls do better and achieve more in schools. In fact, since 1980 to the present day, the percentage of boys who have achieved these grades has risen. But so has the girls. When it comes to girls and boys choosing their options for GCSE, although they are open to pick the same subjects, there still seems to be a split. Girls tend to op for cookery, design technology and sociology. Whereas boys tend to op for resistant materials, P.E and science. So it is clear that there are the ‘boys’ and ‘girls’ subjects. One way the difference is shown in achievement is by setting and streaming in different schools. It is more common for girls to be placed in top set for all their subjects then it is for boys. Girls tend to do better in school then boys. This could be influenced by a t eacher (self- fulfilling prophecy). If girls and some boys are told that they are capable of getting great grades in school, then they are bound to achieve better than other students that are put in bottom set and are told they can only get a D or E, which are mostly boys.This shows that there is a difference between the achievement of boys and girls because girls are more likely to be placed in top set and are encouraged by their teachers to do well, whereas boys are not. Another way the difference is shown is by society and through the jobs that different gender roles take. There has been a divide in women and men jobs for a while. However now, there are increasing job opportunities for women. It is still known that women are more likely to take up jobs like nursing, caring, teaching and so on then it is for men.Men usually take up the job of mechanics, firemen, policemen etc. So in schools, they prepare the students for the job they believe is right for their gender. This shows t hat there are differences because boys must need to be more educated for the jobs they are required to get, whereas girls don’t need to be as much. If boys are ‘more’ educated then girls, then they are more likely to get better grades, but that still doesn’t explain why girls are achieving better than boys! Individual attitudes have a big impact on how a student achieves.Girls tend to always do their homework, always be well behaved and are in the pro- school subculture. Whereas boys tend to never do their homework, always misbehave and are in the anti-school subculture. This shows that girl want to do well in school to have a good life and a well-paid job, but it also shows that boys don’t really care about school and haven’t really thought about their future. This shows that there is a difference in achievement between girls and boys because girls have a better opinion of school and so will achieve better grades then boys as they have a neg ative opinion of school.It’s not that boys’ do less well. Boys’ achievement has been improving but girls have been improving more. All the matters that I have stated are linked. They all seem to state that girls achieve better in school than boys and that boys take their education for granted. There is also a link with boys and girls attainment. Boys tend to be at school less than girls and girls have better punctuality then boys. So, we can conclude that girls achieve better than boys because of their positive attitudes, actually wanting a good life and a good education.

Communication Styles Essay

Identifying with your personal style of communicating will help you in the long run to create good communication skills. There are four different communications styles which are passive, assertive, aggressive and passive aggresive that we all can identify with. Knowing about the many styles of communication can help you to adapt to others and their style of communication. Passive communication is one of the four different communication styles. Passive communication is shown when individuals fail to express their opinions, feelings, needs and show low self-esteem. I don’t identify with this style of communicating because this isn’t me. When I feel the need to express myself I do so. I always stand a hundred and ten percent behind my opinion and I never let others step over me. Aggressive communication is very different from passive communication. Being a aggressive communicator you express your feelings and opinion. Aggressive communicators can often be verbally abusive because of past situations such as they may have experienced physical and or emotional abuse or still carrying around unhealed wounds. Aggressive communicators will often try to be the dominate one and control others. They speak in a very loud demanding voice and act rudely. I myself can be aggressive from time to time in situations. For example if my boyfriend makes me mad I began to speak in a loud overbearing tone and will not listen to anything he has to say. Being an aggressive communicator will unable you to mature . Passive-aggressive communication is a style that on the outside they show to be passive but act out of anger because of feeling powerless. Passive-aggressive communicators will use sarcasm, deny that there is a problem and will sabotage you to get even. I personally cannot relate to this style of communication. If I have a problem I will gladly let you know what the issue is. Also I do not believe in sabotaging others, you will get your karma, as they say what goes around comes back around. Assertive communication is the last style of communication. It is a style in which one believe on speaking up about their opinions and feelings. Assertive communicators show high self-esteem and value everything about themselves such as their time, emotions and needs. Assertive communicators will stand up for their rights but yet be respectful about it. They also listen well and respect others and speak in a calm tone. I find myself being an assertive communicator the most especially in disagreements. I let others know how I feel but at the same time I still respect them and how they feel. Assertive communication is one of the best styles of communication because it creates an respectful environment and allows you to be mature enough to address issues as they arise.

Lab Animal Experimentation essays

Lab Animal Experimentation essays My research paper is about lab animal experimentations the pros and cons of experiments, and alternatives to the experiments. I am discussing three types of experiments they are biomedical research specifically vivisection, the LD-50 test, and Draize testing. Each of the experiments is performed on many types of animals, however I will be focusing only on rabbits. I. Background on Lab Animal Experimentation A. Information that has been consulted about these experiments B. History of lab animal experimentation IV. Conclusion: How the alternatives produce better results Laboratory animal experimentation is performed to find cures for the ill and medicine to prevent illness. Sounds like a good idea to me. But have you ever thought of experimentation from the perspective of an animal? Put yourself in their shoes. Lets take it from the beginning. You are born in a laboratory, then bred in the laboratory, meanwhile being caged in the laboratory. You are constantly tortured in the laboratory, and finally you die in that laboratory. Not the way I ever would expect my life to be, but then I am a human, not an animal. Yet are not humans animals? We are classified as being in the same kingdom. So what gives humans the right to give and take the life of an innocent animal? Not just one animal but also millions of animals. "Every second of every day of every year, an animal dies in an experiment in the United States"("Last Chance For Animals" 1). There are millions of animals killed each year in laboratories some are recorded some are not. There is little rep orted about laboratories because of their strict security and confidentiality. Never the less I have found many sources telling of the agonizing tests rendered to these helpless animals. I found it very intriguing that many of the authors are scientists themselves, or were scientists at one point in their life. The first book I came across is, Lab Animal Abuse: Vivisection Expose...

What You Should Know About Plate Tectonics

What You Should Know About Plate Tectonics Plate tectonics is the scientific theory that attempts to explain the movements of the Earths lithosphere that have formed the landscape features we see across the globe today. By definition, the word plate in geologic terms means a large slab of solid rock. Tectonics is a part of the Greek root for to build and together the terms define how the Earths surface is built up of moving plates. The theory of plate tectonics itself says that the Earths lithosphere is made up individual plates that are broken down into over a dozen large and small pieces of solid rock. These fragmented plates ride next to each other on top of the Earths more fluid lower mantle to create different types of plate boundaries that have shaped the Earths landscape over millions of years. History of Plate Tectonics Plate tectonics grew out of a theory that was first developed in the early 20th century by the meteorologist Alfred Wegener. In 1912, Wegener noticed that the coastlines of the east coast of South America and the west coast of Africa seemed to fit together like a jigsaw puzzle. Further examination of the globe revealed that all of the Earths continents fit together somehow and Wegener proposed an idea that all of the continents had at one time been connected in a single supercontinent called Pangaea. He believed that the continents gradually began to drift apart around 300 million years ago - this was his theory that became known as continental drift. The main problem with Wegeners initial theory was that he was unsure of how the continents moved apart from one another. Throughout his research to find a mechanism for continental drift, Wegener came across fossil evidence that gave support to his initial theory of Pangaea. In addition, he came up with ideas as to how continental drift worked in the building of the worlds mountain ranges. Wegener claimed that the leading edges of the Earths continents collided with each other as they moved causing the land to bunch up and form mountain ranges. He used India moving into the Asian continent to form the Himalayas as an example. Eventually, Wegener came up with an idea that cited the Earths rotation and its centrifugal force toward the equator as the mechanism for continental drift. He said that Pangaea started at the South Pole and the Earths rotation eventually caused it to break up, sending the continents toward the equator. This idea was rejected by the scientific community and his theory of continental drift was dismissed as well. In 1929, Arthur Holmes, a British geologist, introduced a theory of thermal convection to explain the movement of the Earths continents. He said that as a substance is heated its density decreases and it rises until it cools sufficiently to sink again. According to Holmes it was this heating and cooling cycle of the Earths mantle that caused the continents to move. This idea gained very little attention at the time. By the 1960s, Holmes idea began to gain more credibility as scientists increased their understanding of the ocean floor via mapping, discovered its mid-ocean ridges and learned more about its age. In 1961 and 1962, scientists proposed the process of seafloor spreading caused by mantle convection to explain the movement of the Earths continents and plate tectonics. Principles of Plate Tectonics Today Scientists today have a better understanding of the make-up of the tectonic plates, the driving forces of their movement, and the ways in which they interact with one another. A tectonic plate itself is defined as a rigid segment of the Earths lithosphere that moves separately from those surrounding it. There are three main driving forces for the movement of the Earths tectonic plates. They are mantle convection, gravity, and the Earths rotation. Mantle convection is the most widely studied method of tectonic plate movement and it is very similar to the theory developed by Holmes in 1929. There are large convection currents of molten material in the Earths upper mantle. As these currents transmit energy to the Earths asthenosphere (the fluid portion of the Earths lower mantle below the lithosphere) new lithospheric material is pushed up toward the Earths crust. Evidence of this is shown at mid-ocean ridges where younger land is pushed up through the ridge, causing the older land to move out and away from the ridge, thus moving the tectonic plates. Gravity is a secondary driving force for the movement of the Earths tectonic plates. At mid-ocean ridges, the elevation is higher than the surrounding ocean floor. As the convection currents within the Earth cause new lithospheric material to rise and spread away from the ridge, gravity causes the older material to sink toward the ocean floor and aid in the movement of the plates. The Earths rotation is the final mechanism for the movement of the Earths plates but it is minor in comparison to mantle convection and gravity. As the Earths tectonic plates move they interact in a number of different ways and they form different types of plate boundaries. Divergent boundaries are where the plates move away from each other and new crust is created. Mid-ocean ridges are an example of divergent boundaries. Convergent boundaries are where the plates collide with one another causing the subduction of one plate beneath the other. Transform boundaries are the final type of plate boundary and at these locations, no new crust is created and none is destroyed. Instead, the plates slide horizontally past one another. No matter the type of boundary though, the movement of the Earths tectonic plates is essential in the formation of the various landscape features we see across the globe today. How Many Tectonic Plates Are on Earth? There are seven major tectonic plates (North America, South America, Eurasia, Africa, Indo-Australian, Pacific, and Antarctica) as well as many smaller, microplates such as the Juan de Fuca plate near the United States state of Washington (map of plates). To learn more about plate tectonics, visit the USGS website This Dynamic Earth: The Story of Plate Tectonics.

Justice Rights and The State Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Justice Rights and The State - Essay Example However, whilst Rawls acknowledges that the â€Å"Justice as Fairness† model is rooted in â€Å"Kant’s notion of autonomy†; Rawls argues that â€Å"it is a mistake, I believe to emphasise the place of generality and universality in Kant’s ethics†¦.. it is impossible to construct a moral theory on so slender a basis, and therefore to limit the discussion of Kant’s doctrine to these notions is to reduce it to triviality† (Rawls, 1999, (ed) p.221). â€Å"No one knows his place in society, his class position or social status, nor does anyone know his fortune in the distribution of natural assets and abilities, his intelligence, strength and the like. I shall even assume that the parties do not know their conceptions of the good or their special psychological propensities. The principles of justice are chosen behind a veil of ignorance† (Rawls, 1999 (ed), p.118). However, whilst Rawls theory of justice supports an element of the Kantian social contract philosophy; Rawls denounces Kant’s ideal of a cosmopolitan constitution under the cosmopolitan theory of justice and the focus of this paper is to critically evaluate Rawls’ theory in relation to the cosmopolitan theory of justice and provide a contextual critique of his philosophical model. To this end, I shall firstly evaluate the core elements of Rawls’ theory of justice and comparatively analyse this with leading proponents of cosmopolitan justice theory. As highlighted above, Rawls’ theory of justice propounds the liberty and difference principle, which alters the classic model of the social contract by justifying social inequality within a distributive â€Å"veil of ignorance† justification. On this basis, Rawls’ veil of ignorance proposition suggests that individuals in a society will inherently demonstrate a propensity towards a system of equality, which mirrors Kant’s social contract theory. In

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 98

History - Essay Example The fifteenth century financial crisis also meant a stop to financing to the influential and controlling marabouts and Sharifian families (Tignor, Adelman, Aron, Kotkin, and Marchand). The Islamic dynasties of the fifteenth century responded through the disruption of trade networks in the quest to rebuild devastated polities. The new polities enjoyed support because of the establishment of hereditary ruling families. Clear rules of succession promoted stability in the regions and enabled dynasties to form alliances and strengthen their armies. The Islamic dynasties of the sixteenth century focused on state-building efforts through religion and taxes. In consequence, they enjoyed substantial prolonged existence and impact on the masses. New administrative practices were common in their responses. The leaders enhanced local religious and cultural traditions, and religious harmony enhanced the much-needed economic progress. The Mali, Baghdad, and Cairo Muslim societies served as commercial trading centers. In Mali, the indigenous African dynasty adopted Islam through nonviolent means, while India was marred with brutal attacks against Hindu and Buddhist temples. In India, the Islamic society took some time before it stabilized and enjoyed peace because it relied on fear to keep subjects subservient. India was split into Muslim and Hindu territories while Africans in Mali largely accepted Islam. The Muslim societies that emerged in Mali prospered because of the vastness of the region. The traditional Muslim societies in Baghdad and Cairo faced political divisions because of religious differences. In Cairo, different social groups applied Islam differently because it was seen as a complex and diverse religion. Even so, they all agreed on the basic tenets of the religion. The early forms of Muslim cultures were guided by Arab influences, and most of the tenets were adopted from the behaviors

Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 15

Case Study - Essay Example She has already been availing the benefits of a bi-cultural worker and this may have helped her to some extent because she is already on the way to inclusion in early childhood(Grisham brown et al, 2005). Rayan’s teacher in the baby class has provided some important information about her habits. Firstly, she appears to share a good relationship with her father because she enjoys gardening with him during the weekends. Secondly, the teacher also informs that she likes playing with dolls and smiles at other children but does not actively play with them. Both of Rayan’s parents want their child to be more actively involved with her peers and to interact with them. Relevant issues which may need to be taken into account in terms of preparing an effective plan of action would be the Disability Standards of 2005, which have mandated that all students must be accorded more or less the same treatment and have equal access to educational facilities and learning. Since Rayan is hearing impaired, she has a disability and as a result, applying the provisions of the Disability Standards may require some adjustments to be made, such that Rayan can be treated on par with the other non disabled students she is in class with. It may be necessary to consider how best Rayan’s hearing impairment can be tackled and compensated for so that she does not miss out on any of the learning activities. In order to achieve higher levels of participation from the child, it may be vital to ensure that measures are put into place to deal with the hearing impairment, so that conditions are created which will facilitate interaction between Rayan and the other childre n. While the FM receiver has been used in the baby classes and Rayan has also enjoyed the support of a bi-cultural worker, this does not appear to have translated into higher levels of social interaction. The major objective that needs to be achieved in Rayan’s case is to ensure

Moods Themes And Ideas Created English Literature Essay

Moods Themes And Ideas Created English Literature Essay Growing up is an inevitable and everlasting process in every humans life, it is the way that we develop and the choices we make that define our personality. The fragility of childhood does not only refer to physical characteristics, this stage in life is when one is most socially delicate, and most easily manipulated by societys many stereotypes. In this composition, explore the themes of childhood, excitement and innocence in the 6 poems of Section C in the reading anthology will be explored. By analyzing the themes, literary techniques and writers craft that may be more cryptic to the average reader, we can reveal just how each respective author attempted to depict childhood, innocence or a completely other theme in itself and the personal motives that may have been behind this emotional topic. The 3 poems; Once Upon a Time, A Mother in a Refugee Camp and Prayer Before Birth written by Gabriel Okara, Chinua Achebe and Louis MacNeice respectively share a common goal to criticize some of the principles and ideals of modern society. Particularly in A Mother in a Refugee Camp, the author Chinua Achebe attempts to portray images to the reader that would normally be unheard of in a modern home due to how terrifying and horrendous they are. The cringe-inducing actions that take place in the extract show the audience just how gruesome the poor conditions are, furthermore, the way these events are depicted to the reader allows them to understand just how insubstantial the events are. Achebe compares their life to perhaps the readers when he writes, In another life this would have been a little daily act of no consequence before his breakfast and school; now she did it like putting flowers on a tiny grave. This bold comparison compares a normal morning routine with putting flowers on a grave, using such a simile shows that the occurrence in Achebes writing, the death of a child, happens all too often in the camp and is not of great significance. The idea that different people have different views on the same events is a main theme in this poem and life, especially when it comes to childrens perspectives. This is also the main theme in the poem by U.A. Fanthorpe, Half-past Two, the child being referred to for the entire poem is yet unable to comprehend time in the same way that others do, instead his perspective is different, picturing the times only as how they are significant to him, nothing more. This is probably true to an extent for everyone, not only children, in that not being able to understand something doesnt restrict our curiosity and we try to incorporate it into our lives regardless. Alternatively, in the piece Once upon a time by Gabriel Okara the concept of adults starting to lose their humanity as they mature is related to how pure and innocent children are. Evidence of this theme is shown towards the end of the poem when Gabriel Okara writes that the father is asking his son to teach him how to live and regain his former self. So show me, son, how to laugh; show me how I used to laugh and smile once upon a time when I was like you. This is done to show the reader just how envious an adult may be of their child who is yet to be exposed to the crippling stereotypes the modern day has to offer and of just how large a scale a poisoned society may affect ones mind. Moreover, the persona (the father) seems to be a bit envious of his child, he deeply wishes to be able to experience the naivety and innocence of being a child once more. I want to be what I used to be when I was like you. This shows that from the viewpoint of an adult, youth is something to be cherishe d dearly, which leads on to the next idea that childhood should not be taken for granted which is also explored in the poem by Vernon Scannell, Hide and Seek. It seems a long time since they went away. Your legs are stiff, this part of the poem is a metaphor that all of the childs friends have already lost interest and moved on, hence accentuating how little time we have, that childhood should be made the most of and that this is only truly realised when it is eventually lost forever. In Louis MacNeices piece, Prayer Before Birth he expresses how negative he thinks the typical modern lifestyle is. MacNeice creates an image of a perfect world from his perspective by using a single stanza to describe this ideal place. The third stanza serves this purpose, the way it is much livelier creates an impression on the reader as the rest of the poem is dark and depressing. In MacNeices poem, a vast array of techniques are used to better convey the theme of an unforgiving modern society for most of the writing, for example the repetition of the word me and the numerous instances of alliteration aid MacNeice in his attempt to engage the reader show them just how passionate he is about this subject. This is a stark contrast from the third stanza where MacNeice begins to use a calmer town and softens the rhyming and alliteration that was almost aggressive prior to the third stanza. For example, the phrases such as sing to me sound for friendlier than in the first two stanzas. T he way MacNeice wrote this poem makes it extremely apparent to the reader how passionate he is about his views on modern society; he shows his viewpoint of what humanity currently is in a bad light, while comparing it to his own wants which are shown to be a great solution. The final sentence of Prayer Before Birth ends the poem in quite a gruesome manner, Otherwise kill me. This is after the long list of desires the unborn child wishes to be born in to, after its prayers. MacNeice is hinting that if he had the choice before he had been born to be saved from this toxic humanity he would rather have not been born. Furthermore, he is possibly presenting an ultimatum to the audience that if the persona in his poem cannot be born into their ideal world they would rather not be born at all. Another key point displayed in this poem is the helplessness and delicacy of a child, in this case an unborn one, this theme is can also be seen in D. H. Lawrences poem, Piano the children in both of these poems are completely unable to fend for themselves. In Prayer Before Birth the child is unborn and just hoping to be born into the best possible environment, whereas in Piano a grown man is looking back on his childhood, no aware of how incompetent he was as a child and how he shall never be able to experience such a time again. All six poems I have written about portray our childhood as a time of purity, innocence and simplicity. In some poems it clearly shown to be the main themes while in others it is depicted far more subtly. In Prayer Before Birth, the use of some phrases describe the childs fears accentuate how childish the persona truly is, blood sucking bats and club-footed ghouls these may seem comical to the reader but from the perspective of the unborn child they are indeed their worst nightmares, further proving the personas innocence. Furthermore, the child refers to itself in first person a staggering amount of times, each stanza but the last is started with I while me and my are very common too. This gives the reader of the poem and insight into how frantic the child may be as the pace of the poem seems to be increasing throughout, the child seems only to be concerned with their own safety. This reflects a somewhat immature character that is yet too narrow minded to be afraid for anything that will not concern them. Once Upon a Time seems to celebrate childhood far more than the other two main poems I have chosen to write about, Gabriel Okara depicts the persona to be an adult looking back on his childhood and wishing he could experience it again, thus showing how much he misses it. However, the other two poems do not express this theme at all, in Prayer Before Birth the unborn child is listing all the terrible things modern society has waiting for it, even in childhood and MacNeice ends the poem with the child saying that it would rather stay unborn than be corrupted by such a poisonous environment in the childs opinion. Moreover, A Mother in a Refugee Camp supports the idea that childhood can be extremely painful too, not just to the child but to their parents as well. Achebe attempts to convey to the reader that despite the death of children happening so often it is still a terrible and soul ripping occurrence. It is stated that her child has already died and that the mother will soon have to forget this once again illustrates just how fragile children and life in general can be without proper conditions. Ultimately, Gabriel Okara, Chinua Achebe and Louis MacNeice use a wide array of literary techniques to convey various moods, themes and ideas that they want the audience to experience. They regard childhood as a time of purity, innocence and fragility and the ageing process as a slow and inevitable corruption of the mind and body. Each writer has different ways of representing these ideas; Gabriel Okara makes use of emotive language to illustrate an adult showing his envy to a childs innocence. Whereas Chinua Achebe uses a child to represent the only source of hope and happiness in a condemned and forgotten place, a refugee camp. Finally, Louis MacNeice attempts to depict children as a symbol of clarity, yet to experience the exploitation of society.

Promotion and Retention of Women in Mathematics :: Mathematical Careers Education Essays

Promotion and Retention of Women in Mathematics How do we interest and retain more women in the field of mathematics? "Women now make up nearly half the undergraduate math majors in the U.S. (1993 Annual Survey of the American Mathematical Society and the Mathematical association of America); yet in graduate math programs, only about one-quarter of the American students are women" (Adhikari & Nolan, 1997, p. 17). For women who choose SME (Science, Mathematics, Engineering) majors, persistence rates in the major are significantly lower than that of male peers. (Seymour, 1995, p. 438) I am interested in the topic because I am a female who experienced pursuing undergraduate and graduate mathematics degrees. I want to know what I can do to help motivate other women in mathematics. While reading the literature, I became aware of subtle personal experiences that paralleled common experiences of women pursuing mathematics majors. Whereas I had informally considered my attempts at fair, consistent treatment for all students to be po sitively related to motivating women (and other minorities) in mathematics, upon reading the literature a strong case is made for additional support to different groups. Although I will focus the majority of the paper on college experiences that influence women in SME majors, literature also points to the influence of pre-college coursework. â€Å"Maple and Stage (1991) found that students who took more science and math courses in high school were significantly more likely to choose science and math majors in college† (Trusty, 2002). Farmer, Wardrop, Anderson, and Risinger (1995) found taking elective science courses in high school had a moderate direct effect on persistence for women in science-related careers, but taking elective math courses did not. (p. 163) Although in this research taking elective math courses was not found to effect persistence of women in science-related careers, I contend that math courses are still critical as they are prerequisites for science electives of chemistry and physics. The National Science Foundation has reported, â€Å"young women have lower interest in math courses and take fewer advanced math courses† (Farmer, Wardrop, Anderson and Risinger, 1995, p. 157). In addition, Seymour and Hewitt (1997) found the effects of inadequate high school preparation to be the most common contributor to early decisions to switch from SME (science, mathematics, engineering) majors to non-SME majors (p. 79). Seymour (1995) also points out that studies have noted â€Å"the subtle deterrents to active participation in mathematics and science which bear upon precollege girls† (p.

Adversarial System vs. Civil Law Essay

The European civil law system is all about finding the truth, even if a lawyer has to lose the case for their client while doing so. The American adversarial system is about winning, even if it means avoiding and stretching the truth to do so. Civil law has the laws made by the government and the courts apply them, while common law has the judges making the majority of the laws through precedents. The adversarial system uses specific laws, precedents, and legal rules to determine who wins. It allows lawyers to take the truth and spin it into the picture that is the most beneficial to their client. They can use loopholes in the law to keep evidence from being allowed to cause their guilty clients to be punished for what they have done. Once all the talking is done, it is up to twelve people to decide whose lawyer did a better job of convincing them to believe them. See more: Beowulf essay essay The civil system uses general ideas and broad concepts to form the framework for taking the evidence at hand and attempting to determine what the truth is. When the truth is revealed, lawyers do not try to hide it or escape from it, even if they do not like the results. A major disadvantage of this system is that those twelve people from the common law system are only used in major criminal cases, so when the truth is unclear, only a couple people get to determine who is right, and three people can be wrong easier than twelve people in 100% agreement. In my opinion from what I have learned, I believe that the civil law system has an advantage in finding the ideal of the judicial system – justice. In the adversarial system, the truth can be avoided, and once it is, there can be no justice. As to the question of whether there are constitutional problems with applying civil laws in the US, the most obvious one is that a jury trial is guaranteed by the Bill of Rights to protect a defendant from being condemned by the voice of one person.

How to Make Rotel Dip

How to Make Rotel Dip Rotel dip is my favorite dip to make for the football games on Saturday! It’s something easy and delicious that everyone likes. When I was younger I used to make my mom make if just because. So finally one day she made me learn how to make it so I could make it myself. Rotel dip is a fun food that you can serve as an appetizer or entree. With less than 30 minutes of preparation time, Rotel dip is easy to make, and it's ideal for parties, a child's sleep over or for a movie-night snack. You can learn how to make Rotel dip in just a few steps.First you have to gather your ingredients, make sure you have all the utensils you will need, then prepare your food. I. Gathering your ingredients. A. 1 can of Rotel dip. 1. you can choose different flavors of rotel as in mild or hot B. 8 ounces of velveeta cheese C. some kind of meat. 1. it could be deer meat or hamburger meet, whichever you prefer. D. 1 bag of tortilla chips II. Make sure you have all the untensil y ou will need A. first you will need a large skillet 1. this is to cook your meat in. B. you will need a spatula to flip your meat to get it to cook. C.You will then need a drainer to drain all the grease from your meat. D. Next you will need a knife to cut your cheese into small squares. E. Most important thing you will need is a crockpot where you will cook all the ingredients together and you will use a large spoon to stir it periodically. III. Finally you will get to prepare your food A. Turn the crockpot on medium heat. 1. Slice the Velveeta cheese into cubes and add them to the heated crockpot. B. Turn the stove on medium-heat 1. add the ground beef to the skillet and us the spatula to flip and stir the ground beef. 2.Cook the meat until brown and drain the grease. C. Add the can of Rotel sauce and the meat to the crockpot and stir. 1. cover the crockpot for about 3 mins. D. Check to see if the cheese is melted and stir again. E. Place the tortilla chips on a plate and pour the rotel dip over the chips and serve. Now you have a great way of making an easy chip dip for any occasion. I would suggest cooking it about 2 hours before time to serve it for best results on making sure the cheese is nice and melted and everything is combined evenly. I hope you enjoy what I consider the best rotel dip around.